Pengaruh EVOO (Extra Virgin Olive Oil) Terhadap Tekanan Darah dan Kadar Protein Urin Pada Tikus Model Preeklamsia

Wenny Rahmawati, Dwi Norma Retnaningrum, Alfima Rahasti

Abstract


Latar Belakang: Preeklamsia merupakan komplikasi kehamilan yang menyebabkan lebih dari 25% kematian ibu di Indonesia. Mekanisme yang terlibat pada pathogenesis preeklamsia yaitu disfungsi endotel dan peningkatan stress oksidatif sehingga menyebabkan kerusakan vaskuler sistemik yang bermanifestasi menjadi sindrom preeklamsia seperti hipertensi, proteinuria dan odema. Sampai saat ini cara mengobati preeklamsia dengan mengakhiri kehamilan. EVOO (Extra Virgin Olive Oil)  merupakan salah satu sumber antioksidan alami dari tanaman. EVOO memiliki profil asamlemak (FA) dengan  rasio monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) atau asam lemak tak jenuh tunggal yang tinggi dan jugakandungan antioksidan yang kaya. 

Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan bahwa EVOO dapat menurunkan tekanan darah dan protein urin pada tikus model preeklamsia. 

Metode: Penelitian dilakukan secara true experimental - post test only control group design. Menggunakan 20 ekor Rattus Novergicus yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan Kelompok kontrol negatif (tikus bunting sehat), kontrol positif (tikus bunting dengan preeklamsia), kelompok perlakuan satu, perlakuan dua dan perlakuan tiga dimana kelompok perlakuan adalah tikus bunting preeklamsia yang diberi EVOO dengan berbagai dosis (0,5 cc, 1 cc dan 2 cc). 

Hasil: Hasil penelitian analisis data statistik menunjukan adanya perbedaan bermakna antara masing-masing dosis (p=0,000<α). Kandungan polifenol dan flavonoid yang tinggi pada EVOO akan meningkatkan antioksidan yang berperan sebagai penyeimbang radikal bebas pada kondisi preeklamsia. 

Kesimpulan: EVOO (Extra Virgin Olive Oil) dapat menurunkan tekanan darah dan kadar protein urin pada preeklamsia. 

Kata Kunci: EVOO, Protein Urin, Tekanan Darah

 



Background: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication that causes more than 25% of maternal deaths in Indonesia. The mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia are endothelial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress, which causes systemic vascular damage which manifests as a preeclampsia syndrome such as hypertension, proteinuria and odema. Until now, the way to treat preeclampsia is by ending pregnancy. EVOO (Extra Virgin Olive Oil) is a source of natural antioxidants from plants. EVOO has a fatty acid profile (FA) with a high ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) or monounsaturated fatty acids and also a rich antioxidant content.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to prove that EVOO can reduce blood pressure and protein urine in rat with preeclampsia.

Methods: The research was conducted in true experimental - post test only control group design. Using 20 Rattus Novergicus heads divided into 5 groups, namely the treatment group, the negative control group (healthy pregnant rat), the positive control (pregnant rats with preeclampsia), treatment group one, treatment two and treatment three where the treatment group was preeclamptic pregnant rat given EVOO with various doses (0.5 cc, 1 cc and 2 cc).

Result: The results of the statistical data analysis study showed that there was a significant difference between each dose (p = 0.000 <α). The high content of polyphenols and flavonoids in EVOO will increase antioxidants which act as a counterweight to free radicals in preeclampsia.

Conclution: EVOO (Extra Virgin Olive Oil) can lower blood pressure and protein urine levels in preeclampsia.

 

Keywords: EVOO, Protein Urine, Blood Pressure


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33859/dksm.v11i2.664

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