Efektivitas Perawatan Metode Kanguru terhadap Peningkatan Berat Badan pada Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah di Rumah Sakit Kota Banjarmasin

Fitri Yuliana, Nur Lathifah

Abstract


Latar Belakang: Salah satu cara mempertahankan suhu tubuh normal pada bayi berat lahir rendah adalah dengan perawatan metode kanguru yaitu kontak langsung kulit bayi dengan kulit ibu. Perawatan ini dapat meningkatkan pengalaman psikologis dan emosional bayi sehingga sangat baik dilakukan segera setelah lahir dengan durasi minimal selama 1 jam per hari.

Tujuan: menganalisis efektivitas perawatan metode kanguru terhadap peningkatan berat badan pada bayi berat lahir rendah di Rumah Sakit Kota Banjarmasin

Metode: penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan rancangan True Experimental Design. Populasinya adalah bayi berat lahir rendah yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok inkubator dengan total sampel masing-masing kelompok sebanyak 20 orang, kemudian data dianalisis menggunakan Mann-Whitney Test.

Hasil: berat badan bayi berat lahir rendah sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan baik pada kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok inkubator diperoleh angka Significancy 0,002 dan 0,000 yaitu nilai p < α 0,05, artinya ada perbedaan bermakna sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Hasil analisis menggunakan Mann-Whitney Test diperoleh angka Significancy 0,355 yaitu nilai p > α 0,05, artinya tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok inkubator.

Kesimpulan: perawatan metode kanguru dilakukan pada bayi yang kondisinya sudah stabil dan tidak memiliki kelainan kongenital yang berat. Meskipun perawatan metode kanguru dan inkubator tidak memiliki perbedaan yang bermakna, akan tetapi perawatan metode kanguru memiliki peran besar terhadap peningkatan berat badan bayi berat lahir rendah karena bayi dapat memperoleh ASI secara langsung, terjadi kontak langsung antara kulit ibu dan bayi sehingga menjaga suhu tubuh bayi tetap stabil dengan demikian berat badan bayi akan mengalami peningkatan.

 

Kata Kunci: Berat Bayi Lahir Rendah, Metode Kanguru, Peningkatan Berat Badan, Perawatan Inkubator

 

BACKGROUND One way to maintain a normal body temperature in low birth weight babies is by using the kangaroo method, which is direct contact with the baby’s skin and the mother’s skin. This treatment can enhance the psychological and emotional experience of the baby so it is the best done immediately after birth with a minimum duration of 1 hour a day.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to analyzing the effectiveness of kangaroo treatment on weight gain in low birth weight babies at the Banjarmasin City Hospital.

METHODS Quantitative research using True Experimental Design. The population was low birth weight babies divided into two groups, namely the treatment group and the incubator group with a total sample of 20 people for each group, then tha data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney Test.

RESULTS Low birth weight babies before and after treatment both in the treatment group and the incubator group obtained significance numbers of 0.002 and 0.000, namely p value < α 0,05, meaning that there were significant differences before and after treatment. The results of the analysis using the Mann-Whitney Test obtained a significance value of 0.355, namely p value > α 0,05, meaning that there was no significant difference between the treatment group and the incubator group.

CONCLUSION Kangaroo treatment is performed on babies whose conditions are stable and do not have severe congenital abnormalities. Although the kangaroo and incubator treatment methods do not have a significant difference, the kangaroo method care has a big role in increasing low birth weight babies because babies can receive breast milk directly, there is direct contact between the mother’s skin and the baby so that the baby’s body temperature remains, stable thus the baby’s weight will increase.

 

Key Words: Incubator, Kangaroo method, Low birth weight, Weight gain


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33859/dksm.v11i2.640

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