Pengetahuan dan stigma masyarakat terhadap pasien Covid-19 dan tenaga kesehatan di Kota Banjarmasin
Abstract
Latar Belakang: Stigma sering dikaitkan dengan masalah kesehatan termasuk Covid-19. Stigma ini muncul akibat risiko penularan yang tinggi dari sebuah penyakit dan pengetahuan yang kurang. Stigma dapat menghambat proses pengobatan pasien dan menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan jiwa pasien yang menderita penyakit.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan tentang Covid-19 dan stigma terhadap pasien Covid-19 dan tenaga kesehatan di Kota Banjarmasin.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional menggunakan kuesioner melalui google form yang dapat diisi melalui smartphone. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara snowball sampling. Populasi penelitian adalah responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 260 responden. Analisis data meliputi univariat, bivariat menggunakan uji chi square dan multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik.
Hasil: Pada penelitian ini sebagian besar responden tidak memberikan stigma (71,54%) dan memiliki pengetahuan cukup (59,62%). Proporsi responden dengan pengetahuan cukup lebih sedikit memberikan stigma daripada orang dengan pengetahuan kurang (34,41% vs 65,59%). Proporsi jenis kelamin perempuan lebih banyak memberikan stigma daripada laki-laki (68,92% vs 31,08%). Pada analisis multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan yang kurang merupakan faktor risiko stigma terhadap pasien Covid-19 dan tenaga kesehatan (p-value 0,005). Pengetahuan yang kurang berisiko 2,13 kali lebih besar untuk memberikan stigma.
Kesimpulan: Diharapkan penelitian ini sebagai bahan masukkan untuk penentuan arah kebijakan kesehatan dalam mengedukasi masyakarat secara masif tentang bagaimana penularan dan pencegahan Covid-19 serta apa yang seharusnya dan tidak seharusnya dilakukan kepada pasien Covid-19 dan tenaga kesehatan, sehingga tidak menimbulkan stigma di masyarakat tentang Covid-19.Full Text:
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33859/dksm.v11i1.557
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