Analisis Faktor Risiko Konstipasi Pada Kehamilan
Abstract
Latar belakang penelitian tentang faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan konstipasi pada kehamilan telah dilakukan di indonesia, namun sebagian besar dilakukan secara deskriptif dan sebagian kecil menggunakan analisis bivariabel serta hasil bervariasi.
Tujuan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko konstipasi pada kehamilan di banyuwangi.
Metode sebesar 115 sampel ibu hamil yang datang secara berurutan di dua praktik mandiri bidan di banyuwangi pada bulan desember 2022 hingga februari 2023 menjadi sampel penelitian cross sectional ini berdasarkan rumus besar sampel proporsi yang tidak diketahui besar populasinya. Konstipasi adalah variabel dependent penelitian ini. Sedangkan, faktor risiko yang ingin diketahui sebagai variabel independent adalah usia ibu, pendidikan, pekerjaan, usia kehamilan, posisi defekasi, aktivitas fisik, kepatuhan suplementasi tablet besi, asupan serat, dan asupan cairan. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square atau exact fisher, odd ratio, dan regresi logistik.
Hasil hasil penelitian menunjukkan 20,9% ibu hamil mengalami konstipasi berdasarkan kriteria roma ii. Posisi defekasi (0,000), asupan serat (0,004), dan asupan cairan (0,015) berhubungan dengan konstipasi pada kehamilan. Ibu hamil dengan posisi defekasi duduk berisiko mengalami konstipasi 19,6 kali dibandingkan dengan ibu hamil yang posisi defekasi jongkok.
Simpulan informasi dan edukasi tentang faktor risiko konstipasi kehamilan penting diberikan sejak kontak awal kehamilan bahkan prakonsepsi.
Kata kunci: konstipasi; kehamilan; posisi defekasi; asupan serat; asupan cairan; faktor risiko
BACKGROUND The study of factors associated with constipation in pregnancy has been done in Indonesia, but most of it is done descriptively; a small part uses bivariable analysis, and results vary.
OBJECTIVE This study aims to analyze the risk factors for constipation in pregnancy.
METHODS The size of 115 samples of pregnant women who came consecutively to two primary midwifery facilities in Banyuwangi from December 2022 to February 2023 became the sample of this cross-sectional study. Constipation is a dependent variable in this study. Risk factors known as independent variables include the mother’s age, education, employment, pregnancy age, defecation position, physical activity, compliance with iron supplementation, fiber intake, and fluid intake. Data analysis using chi-square or exact Fisher tests, odd ratios, and logistic regression.
RESLUTS The results of the study showed that 21.7% of pregnant women experienced constipation based on Roma II criteria. The position of defecation (0,000), the intake of fiber (0,004), and the fluid intake (0,015) are associated with constipation during pregnancy. Pregnant women in sitting defecation positions are 19.6 times more likely to experience constipation.
CONCLUSION Information and education about important pregnancy constipation risk factors are provided through early contact with pregnant women, even before conception.
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