Komplementer Dalam Mengatasi Nyeri Persalinan: Literatur Review

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Nyeri hebat dan kontinyu akibat kontraksi selama persalinan  dapat menimbulkan perubahan fisiologis tubuh yang bermakna seperti  kenaikan curah jantung, kenaikan tekanan darah, kenaikan metabolisme dan  konsumsi oksigen. Ketakutan memperbesar rasa nyeri.

Tujuan:Untuk mengetahui terapi komplementer apa saja yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi nyeri persalinan

Metode: Penelitian literature review dengan pendekatan deskriptif. penelitian dilakukan dengan  melakukan review pada 10 jurnal yang telah ditelaah dari 788 jurnal yang didapatkan baik jurnal nasional maupun internasional.

Hasil: Berdasarkan penelitian didapatkan hasil bahwa telah banyak dilakukan penelitian mengenai terapi komplementer yang dapat mengurangi nyeri persalinan, diantaranya:  Metode AIR (Akui, Ijinkan dan Rasakan), efektif untuk menurunkan nyeri persalinan kala I; Penerapan Lingkungan Persalinan, salah satunya adalah aromaterapi dimana berdasarkan penelitian terdapat pengaruh aromaterapi minyak atsiri bunga mawar terhadap penurunan intensitas nyeri persalinan kala 1 fase aktif; massage punggung digunakan untuk membantu relaksasi dan menurunkan nyeri melalui  peningkatan aliran darah Refleksi, dapat menurunkan  intensitas nyeri, lama persallinan dan tingkat kecemasan; Hypnobirthing, dengan memungkinkan konsentrasi terfokus dan relaksasi;.Akupresure dan Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), dapat digunakan untuk memanajemen  lama  dan  intensitas  nyeri  persalinan  sehingga  meningkatkan  rasa nyaman   pada   ibu

Simpulan: Berdasarkan penelitian didapatkan hasil bahwa telah banyak dilakukan penelitian mengenai terapi komplementer yang dapat mengurangi nyeri persalinan, diantaranya:  Metode AIR (Akui, Ijinkan dan Rasakan), Penerapan Lingkungan Persalinan, massage punggung, Refleksi, Hypnobirthing Akupresure dan Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS).

 

Katakunci : komplementer, nyeri persalinan, persalinan

 

 

Complementary In Overcoming Labor Pain: Literature Review

Background: Severe and continuous pain triggered by contractions during labor can cause significant physiological changes such as an increase in cardiac output, blood pressure, metabolism, and oxygen consumption.

Objective: To find out what complementary therapies can be done to overcome labor pain

Methods: Literature review research with a descriptive approach. The research was conducted by reviewing 10 journals that have been reviewed from 788 journals obtained from both national and international journals.

Results: Based on the research, it was found that many studies have been conducted on complementary therapies that can reduce labor pain, including the AIR (Acknowledge, Allow and Feel) method, which is effective for reducing labor pain in the first stage; the application of the delivery environment, one of which is aromatherapy where based on research, there is an effect of aromatherapy of rose essential oil on decreasing the intensity of labor pain in the active phase 1 back massage used to help relax and reduce pain through increased blood flow. Reflection can reduce pain intensity, length of labor, and anxiety levels; hypnobirthing, by allowing focused concentration and relaxation; Acupressure and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), can be used to manage the duration and intensity of labor pain so as to increase comfort for the mother.

Conclusion: Based on the research, it was found that there have been many types of research on complementary therapies that can reduce labor pain, including the AIR Method (Acknowledge, Allow and Feel), Application of the Delivery Environment, back massage, Reflexology, Hypnobirthing Acupressure and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS).

 

 

Keywords: complementary, labor pain, labor